Not only is graphene the thinnest known material because it is one-atom thick, but it also displays unusual physical properties. It is not entirely a metal, and not entirely an insulator. Its electrons are characterized by what physicists call “Dirac cones”, referring to the relativistic behavior of energies, similar to the behavior of light. Moreover, we can control the number and nature of those electrons thanks to applied electric voltage through a grid. This offers many possibilities for application in electronics at the nanometer level.